Hazardous materials transport vehicles typically transport materials that are corrosive, spontaneously combustible, flammable, toxic, or explosive. These materials possess unique physical and chemical properties, and inadequate protection during transport can easily lead to accidents; therefore, extreme caution is essential!
Routes for road transport of explosive hazardous materials should, in principle, avoid cities, towns, and densely populated areas, and travel on roads with less traffic to minimize the risk of serious injury or death in the event of an accident.
During nighttime transport, red warning lights should be displayed at the front and rear of the vehicle. Vehicles are not allowed to carry trailers. An escort must accompany the vehicle to its destination, and no other unauthorized personnel are permitted to ride on board. Smoking is prohibited on board. When passing through tunnels, culverts, and overpasses, pay attention to elevation changes and adhere to speed limits.
Liquefied gas tank trucks and gasoline tank trucks are prohibited from carrying other flammable and explosive hazardous materials. When the liquid temperature inside the tank reaches 40°C, safety measures such as providing shade and pouring cold water outside the tank to lower the temperature must be implemented. For flammable liquids and gases with low boiling points, and flammable and explosive hazardous materials that are sensitive to heat, nighttime transportation is recommended during the hot summer months to avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
Vehicles transporting hazardous materials should be selective in their use based on weather conditions. Generally, transporting hazardous materials is prohibited in rain, snow, heavy fog, thunderstorms, sandstorms, and extremely hot and dry weather. Hazardous materials susceptible to freezing should also not be transported during cold snaps (unless insulated).
Vehicles transporting hazardous materials should not exceed 15 km/h when passing intersections, areas with dense pedestrian traffic, or when visibility is less than 30 meters due to strong winds, heavy fog, heavy rain, or heavy snow, or when encountering warning signs. A distance of at least 30 meters should be maintained from other motor vehicles.
Under normal circumstances, vehicles transporting hazardous materials must not overtake, chase, or cut in front of other vehicles. Emergency braking is prohibited except in special circumstances to avoid excessive inertial impact on explosives. Appropriate speed reduction measures should be taken when driving on uneven roads, in areas with poor visibility, or in areas with many pedestrians.
When a gas tanker truck experiences a large leak and catches fire, do not attempt to extinguish the fire without reliable leak-stopping measures. Immediately call the fire department and move the vehicle to a safe location that will not endanger the surrounding area. Attempt to control the spread of the fire and intensify the cooling of the tanker, while awaiting the arrival of professional firefighters to take effective measures.
If encountering thunderstorms en route, park in a spacious area away from forests and tall buildings to prevent lightning strikes. If using animal-drawn vehicles, take precautions to prevent startling the animals and causing an accident.
The parking location for vehicles transporting hazardous materials should be well-ventilated, and there should be no open flames or buildings within 10 meters. Vehicles transporting explosives should maintain a safe distance from other vehicles, high-voltage lines, important buildings, and densely populated areas, and should be guarded by an escort.
